157 lines
5.5 KiB
HTML
157 lines
5.5 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.2/jquery.min.js"></script>
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<script src="http://code.jquery.com/ui/1.8.22/jquery-ui.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
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<script src="js/jquery.bxSlider/jquery.easing.1.3.js"></script>
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<script src="js/jquery.bxSlider/jquery.bxSlider.min.js"></script>
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<link href="bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet">
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<link href="css/structure.css" rel="stylesheet">
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<link href="bootstrap/css/bootstrap-responsive.css" rel="stylesheet">
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<script src="bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://jqueryui.com/themes/base/jquery.ui.all.css" type="text/css" media="all" />
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<style>
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#animation {
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margin: 0 auto;
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width: 850px;
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text-align: center;
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}
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</style>
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<body>
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<a class="btn" data-toggle="modal" href="#readmore" >Read more</a>
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<div id="animation">
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<ul id="frames">
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<li><img title="Two quarks are bound together by the strong force." src="img/quark_deconf/1.png">
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<li><img title="As their distance increases, so does their attraction." src="img/quark_deconf/2.png">
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<li><img title="More and more energy is stored in the force field." src="img/quark_deconf/3.png">
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<li><img title="More and more energy is stored in the force field." src="img/quark_deconf/4.png">
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<li><img title="More and more energy is stored in the force field." src="img/quark_deconf/5.png">
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<li><img title="More and more energy is stored in the force field." src="img/quark_deconf/6.png">
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<li><img title="... Until the energy is sufficient to create new particles!" src="img/quark_deconf/7.png">
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<li><img title="This is the reason why we can never see colored objects alone. We call this confinement." src="img/quark_deconf/8.png">
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</ul>
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<div id="slider"></div>
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</div>
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<div class="modal hide fade" id="readmore">
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<div class="modal-header">
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<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal">x</button>
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<h2>Atoms!</h2>
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</div>
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<div class="modal-body">
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<p>Atoms actually consist of protons, neutrons and electrons, and can
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be torn apart by raising the temperature of the atom so high that the
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forces are not strong enough to hold them together. Once we break
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apart the atom, what happens? How do these smaller particles
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interact? We can understand the atom at follows:</p>
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<img src="img/art/hydrogen_atom.png">
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<p>A Hydrogen Atom, the simplest possible atom, is made of one proton
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and one electron. The proton, which is much heavier than the electron
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(in fact about 2000 times heavier) sits in the center, with the
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electron orbiting around the proton. The electron is negatively
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charged[ref], while the proton is positively charged[ref], so they are
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attracted to each other. The electron stays in orbit around the
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proton, just like the Earth stays in orbit around the Sun.</p>
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<h2>Is this as small as it gets?</h2>
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<p>Are these particles the smallest particles, or can we split them,
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just like we split the atom?</p>
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<p>We believe the electron is indeed fundamental. After trying to
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split it apart in many different ways, physicists have concluded that
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it is probably not possible, meaning that electrons are not made of
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anything smaller.</p>
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<p>However, we know that the proton is made up of other smaller
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particles, which we call quarks. The proton is made up of two kinds of
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quarks, called "up" and "down". [We can imagine]?? the proton is made
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up of three quarks: two up quarks and one down quark.</p>
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<img src="img/art/proton.png">
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<h2>What about other atoms?</h2>
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<p>This simple model can be expanded to describe more complicated
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atoms. For example, the Helium atom consists of two protons and two
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neutrons in the center, forming the nucleus [ref], with two electrons
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orbiting them. The proton, made of quarks is very similar to the
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neutron, while the electron is indivisible. With a similar mass[ref],
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they have very similar properties[ref], apart from their different
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electric charge [ref] (the proton is positively charged[ref], the
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neutron is neutral and has no electric charge[ref]). This is because
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they are also made up of quarks, just in a different
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combination. While the proton has two up quarks and one down quark,
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the neutron consists of one up quark and two down quarks.</p>
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<img src="img/art/proton.png"><img src="img/art/neutron.png ">
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<h2>What about their charges?</h2>
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<p>How can it be that the proton and neutron have a different charge,
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if they are made of the same building blocks? </p>
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<p>We know that the proton is up, up, down and charged +1 and the
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neutron is up, down, down and charged 0. The only possible way of
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resolving this is that the up quark is charged +2/3 and the down quark
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is charged -1/3. The fractions only appear here because we discovered
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the electron before we discovered the quarks, and called the electron
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charge "-1". If we had called the charge of the electron "-3", the
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quark charges would be whole numbers.</p>
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<h2>Questions we still need to answer</h2>
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<p>What are charges? Why do we call them "+" and "-"? What holds
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together the Hydrogen atom? And what holds together the nucleus? What
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about radioactivity? Why do physicists always draw funny graphs when
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explaining this? And finally, what is this "Higgs boson" everyone is
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talking about? Continue to answer these questions.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<script type="text/javascript">
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var anim = $('#frames').bxSlider({
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controls: false,
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mode: 'fade',
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speed: 100,
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captions: true
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});
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$("#slider" ).slider({
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value: 0,
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min: 0,
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max: 7,
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step: 1,
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slide: function(event, ui) {
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anim.goToSlide(ui.value);
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}
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});
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$("#readmore").modal("hide");
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</script>
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</body>
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