486 lines
24 KiB
Markdown
486 lines
24 KiB
Markdown
Arduino HID Project 2.1
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=======================
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This project went through a lot of phases and has now reached a new Arduino USB-Core
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with a lot of new functions like extended HID. It also supports HoodLoader1+2.
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The idea is to enable enhanced USB functions to almost all 'standard' Arduino boards.
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##### Content
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* [Features](https://github.com/NicoHood/HID/tree/Official-Integration#features)
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* [Installation](https://github.com/NicoHood/HID/tree/Official-Integration#installation)
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* [How to use](https://github.com/NicoHood/HID/tree/Official-Integration#how-to-use)
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* [Troubleshoot](https://github.com/NicoHood/HID/tree/Official-Integration#troubleshoot)
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* [How it works](https://github.com/NicoHood/HID/tree/Official-Integration#how-it-works)
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* [Known bugs](https://github.com/NicoHood/HID/tree/Official-Integration#known-bugs)
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* [Version history](https://github.com/NicoHood/HID/tree/Official-Integration#version-history)
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* [Useful links and credits](https://github.com/NicoHood/HID/tree/Official-Integration#useful-linkscredits)
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* [Developer information](https://github.com/NicoHood/HID/tree/Official-Integration#for-developers)
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* [License and copyright](https://github.com/NicoHood/HID/tree/Official-Integration#licence-and-copyright)
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Features
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========
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**Supported Arduinos (IDE 1.5.8 or higher!):**
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* Uno (with HoodLoader1 or 2)
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* Mega (with HoodLoader1 or 2)
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* Leonardo
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* (Pro)Micro
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* Any other 8u2/16u/at90usb162/32u2/32u4 compatible board
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**Main features of the new USB-Core:**
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* New HID devices(list below)
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* HID reports are easier to modify now
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* HID APIs are external usable now
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* USB Wakeup
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* Smaller flash/ram usage
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* More Serial functions
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* u2 Series support (with [HoodLoader2](https://github.com/NicoHood/HoodLoader2))
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* [HoodLoader1](https://github.com/NicoHood/HoodLoader) compatible legacy example
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* See change log for more additions and fixes
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**Supported HID devices:**
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* Keyboard with Leds out (modifiers + 6 keys pressed at the same time)
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* Mouse (5 buttons, move, wheel) + Absolute Mouse
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* Media Keys (4 keys for music player, webbrowser and more)
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* System Key (for PC standby/shutdown)
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* Gamepad (32 buttons, 4 16bit axis, 2 8bit axis, 2 D-Pads)
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Installation
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============
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##### 1. Grab the newest Arduino release
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HID-Project only works with the new Arduino IDE 1.5.8 or newer.
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I recommend you to use the new [IDE 1.6 rc1](https://groups.google.com/a/arduino.cc/d/msg/developers/2_GD40Sl6FA/OLWZMwaLJ3IJ).
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##### 2. Install HoodLoader2 (Arduino Uno/Mega only)
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For Arduino Uno/Mega first install [HoodLoader2 dev](https://github.com/NicoHood/HoodLoader2/tree/dev) on your 16u2 + the needed software files.
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Make sure your HoodLoader2 software is up to date when you also update the HID-Project files.
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[HoodLoader1](https://github.com/NicoHood/HoodLoader) is only supported for legacy but will get a new use soon!
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For Arduino Micro/Leonardo ignore this step.
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##### 3. Install the HID core files
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Installation has changed over the time. You don't have to modify the original core any more.
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Put all files into *sketchbook/hardware/HID/*. **You have to rename the folder HID-master to HID.**
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Ensure that under 'File->Preferences' the correct sketchbook folder is selected. **Restart the IDE.**
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**Your sketchbook folder should look like this:**
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##### 4. Add the keyword.txt for highlights (optional)
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If you like to, you can add the keywords.txt to your Arduino IDE so that words like 'Gamepad' are highlighted.
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Replace the file in *arduino-1.6.0/lib/keywords.txt* with the *keywords.txt* provided in this project.
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How to use
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==========
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### Micro/Leonardo & HoodLoader2
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##### 1. Select the new board via *Tools->Board->Arduino Leonardo HID-Project* for example.
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For HoodLoader2 select the 16u2 MCU, for Leonardo/Micro the specific entry.
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Ensure HoodLoader2 board definition files are up to date and installed.
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The Uno and Mega entry is just for advanced users who want to use the HID-APIs but normally you'd
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need the new HoodLoader2 (16u2) board definition files.
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##### 2. Select the USB-Core you want to use. You have 5 options here:
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* Extended (Keyboard+Leds, Mouse+Absolute, Consumer, System)
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* Gamepad (Keyboard+Leds, Mouse, Gamepad)
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* Custom (Your custom configuration, see below)
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* Default Core (Standard Arduino Core)
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* No USB Core (No USB functions available, saves ram + flash)
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To create a **custom HID report descriptor** you can edit the file in *avr/variants/leonardo_custom/pins_arduino.h*.
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Same for Micro and HoodLoader2. Not all HID reports are playing well together on all OS so I made these pre selections.
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With the custom report you can try it out yourself. Everything you need should be in the pins_arduino.h file.
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##### 3. Try the Basic HID examples for each HID device.
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You may want to start with the HelloWorld and HID_Basic examples. They are pretty much self explaining.
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Ensure that always the correct HID-Core is selected.
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See *Project/USB-Serial* for a fully usable USB-Serial bridge and how to use the new Serial functions.
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In the CDC.h you can also see the new Control Line functions for advanced users.
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Keep in mind that the USB_ENDPOINTs for the u2 Series are set to 16 bytes, so the Serial buffer is also smaller (normally 64b).
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##### 4. Deactivate USB-Core to save flash and ram (optional)
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If you don't want to use the USB-Core you can also choose under *Tools/USB Core* "No USB functions" to get rid of the USB stuff
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and save the ram for other stuff if you don't need it. You also don't need the HID Project essentially if you don't want to use the USB functions.
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Due to a bad Leonardo/Micro bootloader you need to add an add an ISR into every sketch as workaround.
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**This is not needed for HoodLoader2 devices**, since the bootloader does a true watchdog reset on reprogramming and not a simple application jump
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(the usb clock is then still on and breaks any delay functions).
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Checkout the 'Leonardo_Micro_NoUSB_Blink' example.
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```cpp
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// workaround for undefined USBCON has to be placed in every sketch
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// otherwise the timings wont work correctly
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ISR(USB_GEN_vect)
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{
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UDINT = 0;
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}
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```
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### HoodLoader1 (legacy, new stuff coming soon)
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**Try the HoodLoader1 example. It provides the basic Serial protocol API to send HID reports. You have to copy this to every sketch again.**
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With HoodLoader1 you can **only use baud 115200 for HID** due to speed/programming reasons.
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Use Serial.begin(115200) in every HoodLoader1 sketch.
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Its not bad anyway because its the fastest baud and you want fast HID recognition.
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You still can **fully use any other baud** for normal sketches but HID wont work.
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If you try nevertheless it will output Serial crap to the monitor.
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Keep in mind that HoodLoader1 has **no flush function**. If the PC is reading HID too slow it can miss data, like on a Raspberry Pi.
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Add a delay to the sending function or just use the newer HoodLoader2.
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Do not use HID in interrupts because it uses Serial. Your Arduino can crash!
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Always release buttons to not cause any erros. Replug USB cable to reset the values if anything went wrong.
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Keep in mind that **with HoodLoader1 the 16u2 is always on**. The 16u2 and its HID reports are not reset if the main MCU is reset.
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So you need to reset the HID reports on every startup with a begin() of each used API.
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On Windows every USB report will reset when you open the lock screen.
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See [deactivate HID function (Hoodloader only)](https://github.com/NicoHood/Hoodloader) how to temporary disable HID again.
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For **16u2 as ISP usage** (optional, Hoodloader only, has nothing to do with HID function)
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see [Hoodloader repository](https://github.com/NicoHood/Hoodloader).
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The sending API is no longer integrated directly in the HID Project since it is now more an extended USB-Core and this has nothing to do with it.
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Its more a legacy version to still use HoodLoader1 or to reimplement something similar with HoodLoader2 if you still want full report access for the main MCU.
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**The older, full integrated HID Core can be found here.** Keep in mind to remove all newer stuff since it may conflict (a clean arduino core would do it).
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It is not better than this solution, maybe easier to use since its just more integrated.
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[Outdated HID Project for 1.5.7](https://github.com/NicoHood/HID/tree/3d8a9b40752a143141b8be4b8f744e203c80b000)
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### Arduino as ISP
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You want to use your Leonardo/Micro as ISP as well? Here is a simple fix (not working with HoodLoader2 currently):
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Select the Leonardo board and upload the Arduino as ISP sketch from this project to your Leonardo.
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Select the board you want to flash and under *Tools->Programmer->Arduino as ISP (Leonardo)*.
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Ensure the correct Serial port is selected, wires are also correct and hit burn bootloader.
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A fix for the u2 Series is in work. Optional you could use HoodLoader1 firmware as ISP.
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The only thing I changed was the reset pin to pin 10 instead of SS
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and the upload protocol from stk500v1 to arduino to avoid any CDC Serial dtr state problems.
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Troubleshoot/FAQ
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================
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##### Error: Selected board depends on 'HID' core (not installed)
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See [issue #9](https://github.com/NicoHood/HID/issues/9).
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##### Midi support?
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Some people have asked me about Midi support. It is not planned to integrate Midi into the HID-Project USB-Core since it is very complicated to do so.
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But I will work on a new Midi firmware for the 16u2 that supports of course Midi (HoodLoader2 only). A firmware is something like a pre-compiled sketch. With the difference
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that I wont use the Arduino IDE to create this firmware. I will use Lufa and a makefile to compile this firmware. This is more efficient.
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When the firmware is done you may upload it via avr-dude as described on the HoodLoader2 github page. Then you are able to start the midi with a simple reset
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or start the bootloader (HoodLoader2) again with a double reset like you are used to. Then you can reprogram your 328 again.
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So be patient, I have a lot of new stuff planned and Midi will come. But you are able to flash other firmwares like HIDuino. Maybe thats all you need.
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Install HoodLoader2 and flash the hex file. If it works please leave me some info.
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* https://github.com/ddiakopoulos/hiduino
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* http://hunt.net.nz/users/darran/weblog/5b7f8/Arduino_UNO_USB_MIDI_firmware.html
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* Also see [issue #2](https://github.com/NicoHood/HID/issues/2)
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##### Any random weird problem
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is mostly solved by a pc reboot or a port switching. Try another (USB2.0) port if you have any problems with your device.
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You might also try it on another pc to see if your OS mixes up drivers. Once I had a problem with my USB-Hub, so ensure to connect it directly.
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You could also try a different/shorter USB cable.
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##### Switching the HID-Core
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might confuse the OS since the USB device changes completely from one second to the other.
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Therefore go to Printers and Devices on Windows and select remove. Reconnect your Arduino and maybe remove it again if its not working properly.
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Alternatively you can also restart your PC or use another USB PID (in the boards.txt) to see if its a Windows problem or not.
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If you change the USB PID the CDC Driver wont be loaded but you can always reupload a sketch in bootloader mode.
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##### Gamepads
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had several problems over the time. The first thing I'd like to mention is that the calibration windows only updates if you focus it.
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Windows only supports gamepads with up to 7 axis and 32 buttons and has problems with more than one Gamepad in a multireport.
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Linux has problems when gamepads are in multi reports with a system device for example. It may occur that it display immense axis/buttons or none at all.
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The current gamepad setting was tested under windows and ubuntu and seems to work. Feel free to extend the gamepad report at your own risk.
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**If you have any other problem, open an issue on github or contact me on my blog.**
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How it works
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============
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For the Leonardo/Micro + HoodLoader2 its a modified version of the HID descriptors and USB-Core.
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This changes were made to improve the functions, add more devices and add u2 series compatibility.
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The HID project contains HID APIs to generate HID reports and functions to send them to the USB Host.
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The API (syntax/usage) of the HID Project is always the same for each solution, **you can port code from one device to another very easy**.
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* On a Leonardo this function is extended and improved to get more HID devices + some improvements.
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* [HoodLoader2](https://github.com/NicoHood/HoodLoader2) is a BootLoader for the 16u2 that let's you use it as standalone MCU with the same USB-Core.
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* [HoodLoader1](https://github.com/NicoHood/HoodLoader) is a 16u2 firmware that filters special HW Serial signals from the main MCU and sends HID signals to the USB Host.
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To make things more clear the HID Software is in a separate repository than the HoodLoader (1 & 2) sources and installing instructions.
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**HoodLoader 1&2 is only used for an Uno/Mega to actually enable USB functions.** The 16u2 is normally used for USB-Serial programming of the main MCU but can do way more than that.
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To use HoodLoader1&2 you also need the HID Project. For more information and installation instructions see the specific repository.
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HoodLoader1 was the first solution to enable HID functions to the Uno/Mega but HoodLoader2 opens way more options because you can reprogram the whole MCU standalone.
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See the repository for more infos about this great new opportunity. HoodLoader1 API is still usable in a specific example. HoodLoader1&2 are not needed/compatible with a Leonardo/Micro.
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HoodLoader1 only:
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For the Uno/Mega you need a special Bootloader(actually firmware in this case). Why? See [Hoodloader repository](https://github.com/NicoHood/Hoodloader).
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To sum it up: Serial information is grabbed by the "man in the middle, 16u2" and you dont have to worry to get any wrong Serial stuff via USB.
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Thatswhy you need a special baud (115200) that both sides can communicate with each other.
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Every USB command is send via a special [NicoHood Protocol](https://github.com/NicoHood/NicoHoodProtocol)
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that's filtered out by the 16u2. If you use Serial0 for extern devices it cannot filter the signal of course.
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You can still use the NHP, just don't use the reserved Address 1.
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TODO
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====
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Under Construction. This is a todo list for myself.
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```
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Keyboard Layout for different Languages
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Clean up USB Core code from fixed values. Use better understandable definitions
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Magic key fix for 32u4?
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keycode/raw for keyboard
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Check Keyboard keycode function again? + add example
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Generalize HID key definitions via HIDTables for example?
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update Burning via ISP for HL2
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Test with Android phone (HL1)
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"Emulate" HL1 protocol
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remove dev HL2 link
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```
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Known Bugs
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==========
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* See Hoodloader1+2 repositories for HoodLoader1+2 related Bugs/Issues.
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* Mouse Abs only works with system report under special circumstances.
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* Gamepad + Mouse Abs doesnt work together
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* Core selection in boards.txt is not working
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* Do not name the Arduino Sketch 'Mouse.ino' or 'Keyboard.ino' etc.
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Your Arduino IDE will output errors then if you double click the file and try to compile.
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* RawHID is not working properly, test it at your own risk.
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* All OS have some problems with Gamepads. Dont use more than one device for Linux and be careful when you change the descriptor.
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* XBMC 13.1 (a Media Center) uses Gamepad input. Its seems to not work and may cause weird errors.
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Even with a standard Gamepad I have these errors. Just want to mention it here.
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* The Serial may disconnect if you have too much throughput. This is a general bug of the Arduino Core,
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which might be fixed. For example Adalight dosnt work well for me,
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so you better use an Arduino Uno with Hoodloader1 (yes the older one!) for Mediacenter control and Ambilight.
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* Feel free to open an Issue on Github if you find a bug. Or message me via my [blog](http://nicohood.wordpress.com/)!
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Version History
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===============
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```
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2.1 Release (xx.01.2015)
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* Reworked the whole USB-Core from scratch
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* Uses less flash if HID or Serial is not used
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* Extended and compacter(flash) HID Report Descriptors
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* Fixed USB Device Descriptor
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* Added u2 compatibility with smaller USB_EP_SIZE (16u2 etc)
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* Added Serial Event for LineEncoding and LineState
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* Added Serial Function to get dtr state, line encoding etc
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* Added Keyboard Led Out report to get Led states (for numlock etc)
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* Made CDC-Core independent from USB-Core
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* Made HID-Core independent from USB-Core
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* Made HID-API independent from HID-Core
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* Removed not needed virtual functions in Keyboard
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* Made HID Reports and its IDs replaceable via pins_Arduino.h
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* Added Absolute Mouse
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* Removed uint8_t USBPutChar(uint8_t c); in HID.cpp
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* Made void Recv(volatile u8* data, u8 count) in USBCore.cpp static inline
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* HID-APIs sends a clean report on begin() and end() now.
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* Removed virtual functions in Keyboard API
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* Added Keycode functions in Keyboard API
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* Inlined a lot of the HID API functions to save flash
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* Added Gamepad
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* Added RawHID API (but RawHID itself isnt working still)
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* Added USB Wakeup support
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* Separated USB-Core in its own folder
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* Added HID Tables
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* USB-Serial now fully reprogrammable
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* Easy USB-Core selection via Tools->USB-Core
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* Added Arduino as ISP fix for 32u4 (u2 Series doesn't work at the moment)
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2.0 Release (29.11.2014)
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* Added HoodLoader2
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* Separated HoodLoader1&2 more
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* Added u2 series for USB-Core
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* Extended USB core and fixed minor things for the u2 series
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* Added Led Out report.
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* Added CDC Line state
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* Reworked the whole library structure again
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1.8 Beta Release (26.08.2014)
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* Changes in the Hoodloader1:
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* **Huge improvements**, see Hoodloader1 repository
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* Reworked the whole library, easy installation now
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* HID fixes for Media Keys/Ubuntu
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* Removed Joystick, added 4 Gamepads
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1.7.3 Beta Release (10.08.2014)
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* Changes in the Hoodloader1:
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* Fixed HID flush bug (1.6 - 1.7.2)
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1.7.2 Beta Release (10.08.2014)
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* Changes in the Hoodloader1:
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* Added Lite version for 8u2
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* Added Versions that show up as Uno/Mega (not recommended)
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* Makefile and structure changes
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1.7.1 Beta Release (10.08.2014)
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* Changes in the Hoodloader1:
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* Fixed HID deactivation bug
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1.7 Beta Release (10.08.2014)
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* Changes in the Hoodloader1:
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* Works as ISP now. See Hoodloader1 Repository for more information.
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* Exceeded 8kb limit. For flashing a 8u2 use v1.6 please!
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* Changed Readme text
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1.6 Beta Release (09.08.2014)
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* Bugfixes in the Hoodloader1:
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* Changed HID management (not blocking that much, faster)
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* added RawHID in/out (HID to Serial)
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* Added RawHID Class and example
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1.5 Beta Release (21.07.2014)
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* Moved Hoodloader1 source to a separate Github page
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* Bugfixes in the Hoodloader:
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* Firmware is still available here
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* Overall a lot of ram improvements, now with a big global union of ram
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* Removed USBtoUSART buffer (not needed, saved 128/500 bytes)
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* Removed Lite version because of better ram usage not needed
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* Separated different modes better to not cause any errors in default mode
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* Improved the deactivate option
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* Integrated NHP directly
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* Replaced LightweightRingbuffer with native Lufa Ringbuffer
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* Improved writing to CDC Host
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* Fixed a bug in checkNHPProtocol: & needs to be a ==
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* General structure changes
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* Improved stability
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* Fixed Arduino as ISP bug
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1.4.1 Beta Release (10.07.2014)
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* #define Bugfix in USBAPI.h
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1.4 Beta Release (10.07.2014)
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* Bugfixes in the Hoodloader1:
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* Added Lite Version with less ram usage
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* Changed PIDs, edited driver file
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* merged v1.0.x and v1.5.x together (both are compatible!)
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* added IDE v1.5.7 support
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* added Tutorials
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1.3 Beta Release (01.07.2014)
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* Bugfixes in the Hoodloader1:
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* Improved ram usage
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* **Important NHP fix inside the HID Class for Uno/Mega**
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1.2 Beta Release (22.06.2014)
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* Added 1.0.x/1.5.x support
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* Bugfixes in the Hoodloader1:
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* Sometimes HID Devices weren't updating
|
|
when using more than 1 Device (set forcewrite to true)
|
|
* Fast updates crashed the bootloader
|
|
(too much ram usage, set CDC buffer from 128b to 100b each)
|
|
* Minor file structure changes
|
|
|
|
1.1 Beta Release (05.06.2014)
|
|
* Added Leonardo/Micro support
|
|
* Included NicoHoodProtocol
|
|
* Minor fixes
|
|
|
|
1.0 Beta Release (03.06.2014)
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Useful Links/Credits
|
|
====================
|
|
|
|
* [LUFA from Dean Camera](http://www.fourwalledcubicle.com/LUFA.php)
|
|
* [Darran's HID Projects] (https://github.com/harlequin-tech/arduino-usb)
|
|
* [Connor's Joystick for the Leonardo](http://www.imaginaryindustries.com/blog/?p=80)
|
|
* [Stefan Jones Multimedia Keys Example](http://stefanjones.ca/blog/arduino-leonardo-remote-multimedia-keys/)
|
|
* [Athanasios Douitsis Multimedia Keys Example](https://github.com/aduitsis/ardumultimedia)
|
|
* [The Original Arduino Sources](https://github.com/arduino/Arduino/tree/master/hardware/arduino/firmwares/atmegaxxu2/arduino-usbserial)
|
|
* [USBlyzer](http://www.usblyzer.com/)
|
|
* [Mattairtechs 16u2 Lufa USB Core](https://www.mattairtech.com/index.php/development-boards/mt-db-u1.html)
|
|
* [Paul Brook's Minimus 32u2 Arduino USB Core](https://github.com/pbrook/minimus-arduino)
|
|
* [Paul Stoffregen's Teensy Core](https://github.com/PaulStoffregen/cores)
|
|
* [Keyboard Led Out report by hartmut_holgraefe](http://forum.arduino.cc/index.php?topic=173583.0)
|
|
* [Github Pull Request with a lot of new functions](https://github.com/arduino/Arduino/pull/1803)
|
|
* [Arduino ISP fix](https://petervanhoyweghen.wordpress.com/2012/09/16/arduinoisp-on-the-leonardo/)
|
|
* A lot of searching through the web
|
|
* The awesome official Arduino IRC chat!
|
|
* [The NicoHood Protocol ^.^](https://github.com/NicoHood/NicoHoodProtocol)
|
|
* See HoodLoader1&2 repository for more credits/links
|
|
* [Hackaday post about HoodLoader2](hackaday.com/2014/11/30/using-the-second-microcontroller-on-an-arduino)
|
|
* [Gamecube to PC adapter](https://github.com/NicoHood/Nintendo)
|
|
* See http://nicohood.wordpress.com/ for more tutorials, projects and contact.
|
|
* For donations please contact me on my blog :)
|
|
|
|
For Developers
|
|
==============
|
|
If you deactivate some reports it can occur that windows will cause problems and recognize it as different device.
|
|
While developing I had that much trouble that I had to change the PID. No way to repair the broken windows driver settings.
|
|
So be careful if you change the source on your own with important PIDs.
|
|
Therefore reinstall the divers for any device or just dont touch the HID reports.
|
|
|
|
See this how to uninstall the drivers:
|
|
https://support.microsoft.com/kb/315539
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
Include schematic
|
|
- Arduino.h
|
|
- USBAPI.h -> Arduino.h, USBDESC.h, USBCore.h
|
|
- CDC.h -> Arduino.h, USBDESC.h, USBCore.h
|
|
- HID.h -> Arduino.h, USBDESC.h, USBCore.h, HID-APIs(Keyboard.h, Mouse.h, etc)
|
|
- Keyboard.h -> Arduino.h
|
|
- Mouse.h -> Arduino.h
|
|
- [Other APIs].h -> Arduino.h
|
|
- HIDTables.h
|
|
|
|
HID.h contains all HID configuration.
|
|
Each HID-API (like Mouse) includes Arduino.h and gets these settings as well.
|
|
The pins_Arduino.h can overwrite each HID descriptor or define complete new one.
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Licence and Copyright
|
|
=====================
|
|
If you use this library for any cool project let me know!
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
Copyright (c) 2014 NicoHood
|
|
See the readme for credit to other people.
|
|
|
|
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
|
|
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
|
|
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
|
|
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
|
|
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
|
|
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
|
|
|
|
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
|
|
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
|
|
|
|
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
|
|
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
|
|
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
|
|
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
|
|
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
|
|
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
|
|
THE SOFTWARE.
|
|
```
|